What are cystine stones?
cystine stones develop in several places in the urinary system, including kidneys, ureters and bladder. It is a relatively rare type of stone, which includes only three percent of all stones that are formed in the urinary tract. Cystin stones develop due to a genetic defect that causes a disease called cystinuria. These diseases affect approximately one of every 10,000 people, with people under 40 years old to have cystinuria stones more often.
cystinuria develops due to the accumulation of amino acid cystin in the urine. Normally, most proteins and amino acids in waste products are filtered by the kidneys and reabsorbed into the blood. Some of the cystinuria is a mechanism that allows reabsorbed cystin, defective. Cystin accumulates in urine and cystine deposits form crystals or stones. Small crystals can be excreted in the urine, but larger stones can be stuck in the urinary tract.
symptoms of cystine stones develop when in the kidneys, ureters or mEyes bladder stores large stones. The most common symptom is the pain of the side, which is felt on the back or side. In most cases, the pain is only on one side of the body; It is rare to have pain from cystine stones on both sides of the body simultaneously. This pain is initially mild, but becomes more intense for several days. Some people can experience pain in other places such as weaknesses, genitals or pelvis. Pain may occasionally develop in the back or upper abdomen.
Most people are diagnosed with cystinuria stones after experienced an initial episode of pain caused by stones. Medical imaging tests can be used to determine whether stones are present. Urine samples are also taken to determine whether cystine levels are high enough to confirm that stones are an indicator of cystinuria.
Thetreatment of the cystine stone focuses on the relative pain of pain and other symptoms and prevents the formation of other stones. If the symptoms are very serious, it can beThe patient is admitted to the hospital, but in most cases home therapy is sufficient. Two types of drugs can be used: medicines to relieve pain and medicines to support the dissolution of cystine crystals.
If these measures do not help stones pass through the urinary tract, surgery may be necessary. Stones that are located in the lower urinary tract can be removed by ureteroscopy. In this procedure, through the urea urea urea urea urea urea urea urea are urea urea. Some cystine stones can be removed by the procedure called Mimokonkorous shock wave of lithotrips, in which the stones are bombed with sound waves that divide them into smaller crystals that can be excreted into the urine.
To prevent cystine stones, drinking six to eight glasses of water a day is important to help flush smaller cystin crystals. This helps preinvast smaller crystals from growth to larger stones. Another useful preventive measure is to reduce salt consumption, which also PIt is going to reduce the speed of stone formation.