What are inherited diseases?
inherited diseases are caused by abnormal genetic material, such as individual genes and chromosomes, transmitted to the child from one or both parents. These types of diseases are also commonly referred to as genetic disorders, inherited genetic diseases or hereditary diseases and may have different symptoms and degrees of severity. Some common inherited diseases are cystic fibrosis, degenerative condition that causes disability and often premature death; Anemia of sickle cells, a blood disorder that may vary in severity; and Huntington's disease that causes brain and nervous system degeneration. Inherited diseases often cannot be cured, although symptoms can sometimes be handled by medicines and other forms of medical care. Gene therapy, mostly experimental type of treatment, is examined as a way to cure some genetic disorders by removing or changing defective genes.
The genetic material of each human being is made up of a huge number of individual genes affect a wide rangeLU properties and abilities, including physical appearance and cognitive function. There are almost two copies of each gene in this genetic material: one inherited from each parent. The hereditary condition, such as inherited diseases, is handed over to the child if one or both parents have an abnormal gene.
Some inherited diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, are called autosomal recessive disorders and require both genes in the genetic pair to be abnormal for the development of the disease. A person who bears only one abnormal gene for recessive disorder does not develop the disease but can pass it on to the next generation. Other inherited diseases such as Huntington's disease are called autosomal disorders and require only one of the genes in the couple to be bothered for this disease.
Genetics is not always the only decisive factor in terms of inherited diseases. For example, in the case of some inherited disorders autozomal domIntent type, not anyone who inherits a defective gene. There are also examples of inherited diseases where the defective genetic material does not cause the disease itself, but can do so in conjunction with various environmental factors. A related term is congenital diseases that relate to a condition that develops at or before birth, but does not necessarily have to be inherited. One example is Down's syndrome, a genetic disorder that is not inherited, but instead caused by another chromosome at the early stage of the fetal development.