What Are Occupational Health Standards?
Occupational health standards are technical regulations for the health requirements of working conditions (workplaces) for the purpose of protecting the health of workers, a technical specification for implementing occupational health laws and regulations, and a legal basis for health supervision and management.
National Occupational Health Standard
ICS 13.100
C52
GBZ
National Occupational Health Standard of the People's Republic of China
GBZ38-2006 (replaces GBZ38-2002)
Occupational exposure limits for harmful factors in the workplace
value
Physical factor
(Report for approval)
Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace
Physical agents
2007-04-20 released | 2007-11-01 Implementation |
Published by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China |
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Foreword
Chapters 13, 14 and 15 of this standard are recommended clauses, and the rest are mandatory clauses.
This revision divides GBZ 2-2002 Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace into GBZ 2.1, Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace, Chemical Hazardous Factors, and GBZ 2.2 Physical Factors for Occupational Exposure, Hazardous Factors in the Workplace .
Compared with GBZ 2-2002, the main changes in this standard are as follows:
Reduced the hygienic evaluation standards for high-temperature operation classification and meteorological conditions in high-temperature operation sites.
--increased
Occupational exposure limits for harmful factors in the workplace
Physical factor
(Normatively cited appendix)
A.1 Occupational exposure limit of physical factors in the workplace is an important basis for supervising and monitoring the occupational hazards of the physical factors in the workplace and workers, the leakage of production equipment, and evaluating the health status of the workplace. The purpose is to protect workers from physical occupational harmful factors and prevent occupational diseases.
A.2 In the implementation of occupational health supervision and management, and evaluation of occupational hazards or personal exposure conditions of physical factors in the workplace, exposure limits should be correctly applied, and measurement and analysis should be performed in accordance with relevant measurement methods promulgated by the state.
A.3 The exposure limits specified in this standard are upper limits.
A.4 The power density of electromagnetic radiation is used to indicate the radiation intensity of UHF, microwave and laser.
A.5 UHF radiation
A.5.1 In the far field, the relationship between power density and electric field strength E (V / m) is as follows:
(A.1)
In the formula:
Ppower density, mW / cm2;
EElectric field strength, V / m.
A.5.2 When measuring, you can choose power density or electric field strength.
A.6 High-frequency electromagnetic field
A.6.1 The exposure limit of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in the workplace is applicable to all kinds of operations exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, but not applicable to environmental exposure and exposure for medical or diagnostic purposes.
A.6.2 For high-frequency electromagnetic fields with a frequency below 3MHz, the electric field strength or magnetic field strength can be selected.
A.7 Power frequency electric field
A.7.1 Occupational exposure limits for power-frequency electric fields are applicable to electric workers and live workers who are exposed to electromagnetic fields in AC transmission systems.
A.7.2 When working, it is necessary to enter the place of the power frequency electric field that exceeds the contact limit or extend the contact time, and effective protection measures shall be taken; live working personnel shall operate in a "fully enclosed" shielding device, or shall include Face shield suit.
A.8 Microwave radiation
A.8.1 The exposure limit of microwave radiation in the workplace is applicable to all kinds of operations exposed to microwave radiation, excluding the environmental radiation received by residents and radiation receiving microwave diagnosis or treatment.
A.8.2 The average power density limits for pulsed microwave fixed radiation and non-fixed radiation are the same.
A.8.3 Local microwave radiation does not distinguish between continuous and pulsed microwaves.
A.8.4 When short-term exposure power density> 1mW / cm2, in addition to controlling the exposure time (calculated based on the daily dose exposure limit), personal protection is also required.
A.9 Ultraviolet radiation
A.9.1 This limit applies to artificial ultraviolet radiation.
A.9.2 Ultraviolet mixed light sources include light sources with various wavelengths of ultraviolet light, such as welding arc light.
A.9.3 When measuring, you can choose irradiance or exposure.
A.10 The hand-held vibration exposure limit in the workplace is applicable to the use of hand-held vibration tools or hand-to-vibration workpieces in production.
When the daily vibration receiving time is less than or more than 4 hours, it should be converted into a frequency-weighted vibration acceleration value equivalent to 4 hours of vibration receiving, which can be calculated using formula (2):
(A.2)
In the formula:
ahw (T) frequency weighted vibration acceleration;
TDay vibration time, h / d.
A.11 Meteorological conditions at the underground mining site
A.11.1 The meteorological conditions of the underground mining operation site are applicable to the underground mining operation and also applicable to other underground mining operations.
A.11.2 The upper and lower limits in Table 12 are not comfort limits. Under the condition of the upper limit, workers still have a certain feeling of sultry; under the condition of the lower limit, some people still have a "slightly cold" feeling. However, within the scope of this standard, workers can be guaranteed not to suffer from heat stroke, and can prevent the high incidence of common and frequent diseases.
Appendix B Classification of Intensity of Common Occupational Manual Labor
(Informative appendix)
Table B.1 Classification of common occupational physical labor intensity
Manual labor intensity classification | Occupation description |
I (light labor) | Sitting position: manual operation or slight movement of legs (normally, such as typing, sewing, foot switch, etc.); standing position: operating instruments, controlling, viewing equipment, assembling work mainly with upper arms. |
II (medium labor) | Continuous movement of hands and arms (such as sawing wood, etc.); work of arms and legs (such as non-transport operations such as trucks, tractors, or construction equipment); work of arms and torso (such as forging, pneumatic tool operations, painting, intermittent handling Medium weight, weeding, weeding, fruit and vegetable picking, etc.). |
III (Heavy Labor) | Arm and torso work (such as heavy loads, shovel, hammer forging, sawing or chipping hardwood, mowing, digging, etc.). |
IV (Extreme Labor) | Large intensity excavation and transportation, extremely strong activities approaching the extreme rhythm. |
