What is heart transplant?
Heart transplant is the replacement of a sick or failing heart with a healthy donor heart provided by a deceased person. The donor's heart is usually taken from people who have decided to donate, have a healthy heart and who are dead brain. There are much fewer donors than people who need transplants. Not all donated hearts can be used because of the state of the heart at the time of death. Scientists and doctors took about decades to successfully deal with one of the greatest problems with heart transplantation, that the bodies of people who received them had a tendency to reject the new organ. With considerable research of drugs that would help reduce the rejection of organs, the rate of survival after heart transplant is constantly improving.
Most people who receive heart transplants are under 65 and have significant heart disease or defects that cannot or have not been successfully managed through other operations. There are very specific criteria for determining who receives the heart and coordinators of the transplantACE must consider the health of a person who needs a heart. A special balance is necessary because the person usually needs to need a heart, which means they are very ill, but must also be healthy enough to survive surgery for transplantation and then treatment. Treatment after surgery may mean the use of anti -healing drugs that take tax on the body.
Another point of view is the rate to which the donor heart matches the person who needs the heart. Finding a heart that does not refuse the body can be challenging, and this is one of the reasons why many people are waiting for a long time to receive a donor heart. The degree of need is measures. People who are more sick tend to accept the heart earlier if there is a suitable match.
One of the comparable considerations in adults is a blood type, but sometimes very young children can receive hearts from people with another blood type. As people age, they cannot get this incompatible blood -type heart because their bodies reject the new organ.
People who can receive heart transplantation also undergo complex conversations where the ability to care for themselves is determined and things like mental stability are determined. In cases where children receive heart transplantation, families are asked and their conversations help determine the capacity. Doctors always want to be sure that a person who receives the heart or family of a family cared for that person will be able to follow all medical requirements and instructions to improve survival.
Real surgery of heart transplantation is very complex. The old, sick heart is usually removed, although generally a small amount of left and right halls, the first two chambers of the heart are not removed. The new heart is associated with atriums and blood vessels that feed the body and lungs. While the surgeons remove the old heart, people are on a heart cover that circulates blood and oxygen.
As soon as the new heart is in place, it may need help to start hitting, which is sometimes achieved by an electric shock. SurgeryOK takes about five hours, but may be longer or shorter depending on complications or easy surgery. After surgery, people will require care for many days in the hospital to make sure that the new heart works as usual and recovers from surgery. People will continue to need significant care and monitoring with their doctors for life.
At present, approximately 70% of people who receive heart transplantation live five years after surgery. The survival rate is expected to increase and there is always a new information that helps to improve this field. For example, in 2008 it was found that survival increased in people who received a donor heart from someone of the same sex. It is possible to imagine that one day donors could gender sex. Currently, limited availability of donor hearts would cause gender to be unlikely.