What is myeloproliferative disorder?
and myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) is a collective term used for a group of health conditions characterized by abnormal production of bone marrow cells. The bone marrow found inside the soft tissues of larger bones is mostly responsible for the production of white blood cells (WBC), plates and red blood cells (RBC). RBCs are cells that give oxygen to other tissues inside the body. WBCs are cells fighting infection and platelet help in blood clotting.
The cause of the overproduction of these blood cells is not known, but environmental factors such as prolonged exposure to radiation or chemicals, and chromosomal abnormality is said to play a role in the development of myeloproliferative disorders. This disorder usually affects men more than women aged 40 to 60 years. Its occurrence is not common in individuals under 20 years.
There are several types of myeloproliferative disorders. These include basic platelets, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera and chronic myelogenic leukemia (cml). In essential platelets occurto increase the production of platelets. Myelofibrosis affects the production and maturity of RBC and WBC as a result of thread strengthening in the bone marrow. Polycythemia Vera is an overproduction of RBC and CML is characterized by increased WBC production.
symptoms generally depend on the type of myeloproliferative disorder that the patient has. For example, patients with vera polycytmia usually develop a purple spots on the skin accompanied by itching. However, there are several symptoms that patients commonly represent with myeloproliferative disorders. These include being easily tired, abdominal discomfort, paleness, easy bruises and weight loss, among many others.
Complications associated with myeloproliferative disorder are splenomegaly or enlargement of the spleen, hepatomousness of gala or liver and severe anemia, condition with very low RBC in circulation. Some patients may also develop kidney failure and bleeding tendencies. Other cases can be transformedT for acute myeloid leukemia, malignant bone marrow disease, which often leads to the presence of very young blood cells in circulation.
patients with myeloproliferative disorders are usually controlled by oncologist and hematologist. Okologist is a cancer specialist and a hematologist is a blood specialist. To confirm their diagnosis, they usually use diagnostic tests such as blood testing and bone marrow examination.
treatment of myeloproliferative disorders often depends on its type. Splenectomy or spleen removal is occasionally indicated in patients with chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis. Flebotomy, the blood download process is often performed in patients with vera polycytmia. Stem cell transplantation is also a possibility for patients with chronic myelogenic leukemia and myelofibrosis. In patients with myeloproliferative disorder, it is also recommended to maintain hydration, avoid alcohol and smoking and include food -rich foods in their diet.