What is an endocardial pillow defect?
The defect of the endocardial pillow (ECD), also known as the defect of the atrioventricular (AV) channel, is a congenital heart status characterized by a deficiency of the wall separating the chamber of the heart. The treatment of this condition involves surgical closure of the holes present between the heart chambers and may require the completion of more than one surgery. If they are not treated, there are serious ECD complications that may include congestive heart failure and death. Endocardial pillows are walls that separate four chambers of the heart and form tricuspidal and mitral valves. If these walls do not develop, several serious complications may develop that adversely affect lung and heart function. The endocardial pillow defect can manifest itself in one of two ways: either partially or completely. (Asd) and one of the two heart valves develops unusually. When a partial ECD occurs, the mitral valve is disturbed, allowing blood to leak between the chambers located on the left side of the heart muscle. GapThe ECD ethnic presentation includes ASD and the septa chamber defect (VSD). Those who are diagnosed with a complete ECD have a single large heart valves instead of two separate valves.
lack of separation between the heart chambers can contribute to the development of elevated blood pressure and inflammation in the lungs. The functionality of the heart becomes disturbed and requires overtime to work, and as a result the heart can increase and weaken. Due to the adverse effects of the ECD on the lungs and the heart, the whole body becomes oxygen.
children born with ECD can show different symptoms and symptoms. A child that is easily tired, Whose skin has a bluish shade or breathing problems can have an endocardial pillow defect. A child who often gains pneumonia or is unable to gain weight may also be symptomatic. Other signs of ECD may include abdominal or limb distension, increased heart rhythmwith and breathing and loss of appetite.
Infants with a partial defect of the endocardial pillow who have normally formed heart valves can remain asymptomatic, which means that they do not experience any symptoms for several years. Several tests are used to diagnose ECD, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound and chest X -ray. Other symptoms used to confirm the diagnosis of ECD may include the presence of heart murmur and increased blood pressure in the lungs.
ECD treatment generally includes surgical closure of holes in the heart chambers. The valve reconstruction can also be carried out to create new mitral and tricuspide valves. The timing of the ECD surgery depends on the condition and age of the child. In most cases, ECD surgical correction may require more than one procedure. Ideally, surgery should be performed before the child's first birthday to prevent the development of complications.
Total forecast associated withThe defect of the endocardial cushion depends on the overall health of the child, the severity of the condition and condition of the heart and the lung of the child. With timely and appropriate treatment, children usually recover. Complications associated with ECD may include irreversible lung damage, congestive heart failure and death. In some cases, the development of complications may be delayed into adulthood and may include heart arrhythmias and dysfunction of mitral valves. In order to avoid the future, post -operative heart infection, it is recommended that children use an oral antibiotic before receiving any dental or surgery.