What Is Congenital Lobar Emphysema?

Diseases caused by anatomical deformities in various parts of the respiratory system during human embryonic development. The incidence of congenital lung diseases is low. The human body develops lung buds from the foregut to the ventral side at about 24 days (about 3 mm in size), and then develops into lungs. By about 28 days (approximately 8-10 mm), bronchial buds appear. At 12 to 16 weeks, 70% of the bronchial structure is formed; in recent years, studies have concluded that the branches of the bronchial tree have reached about 23 levels regardless of newborn, infant, child, youth, or adult. In the early embryo, the blood supply to the lungs and bronchi came from the endoderm plexus between the abdominal aorta and the dorsal artery, and the pulmonary artery came from the sixth pair of gill arches. When the bronchial buds grow into the lung parenchyma, the visceral vascular plexus disappears.

Congenital lung disease

Diseases caused by anatomical deformities in various parts of the respiratory system during human embryonic development. The incidence of congenital lung diseases is low. The human body develops lung buds from the foregut to the ventral side at about 24 days (about 3 mm in size), and then develops into lungs. By about 28 days (approximately 8-10 mm), bronchial buds appear. At 12 to 16 weeks, 70% of the bronchial structure is formed; in recent years, studies have concluded that the branches of the bronchial tree have reached about 23 levels regardless of newborn, infant, child, youth, or adult. In the early embryo, the blood supply to the lungs and bronchi came from the endoderm plexus between the abdominal aorta and the dorsal artery, and the pulmonary artery came from the sixth pair of gill arches. When the bronchial buds grow into the lung parenchyma, the visceral vascular plexus disappears.

Chinese name

Congenital lung disease

Features

Very low incidence

Classification

Pulmonary undeveloped lung isolation

Clinical manifestation

Undeveloped and stunted, etc.

Congenital lung diseases mainly include the following:

Congenital lung did not occur

Appears as no lung parenchyma, no trachea, or

The above 7 kinds of lung diseases all have different degrees of symptoms. Congenital lungs have not occurred, have not developed and are stunted. If they are bilateral, the sick children cannot survive for a long time. If accompanied by heart, gastrointestinal deformities, etc., there may be symptoms of corresponding organs. Pulmonary isolation and congenital bronchopulmonary cysts are often manifested as symptoms of respiratory infections: fever, sputum, hemoptysis, etc. Symptoms of clear lungs vary depending on the cause, such as obstructive emphysema, bullae, lung tumors that obstruct the bronchus, dyspnea, lung infections, fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Emphysema and bullae can cause hypoxemia due to respiratory dysfunction. Long-term emphysema can be associated with pulmonary heart disease. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula due to hypoxic blood in the pulmonary artery flows through the fistula to the pulmonary vein without oxygenation and enters the peripheral blood circulation (right to left shunt), and bruising, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, secondary anemia, and polycythemia can occur. Fistula rupture can occur hemoptysis or hemothorax, life-threatening. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can cause abnormal hemodynamics and affect cardiopulmonary function. Severe deformities cannot sustain life.

X-ray examination is an important diagnostic method, such as emphysema, bullae, cysts, lung tumors, etc. can be clearly diagnosed. Lung hypoplasia, hypoplasia, arteriovenous fistula, and pulmonary arteriovenous vascular malformations need to be diagnosed by angiography and tracheography. In addition to symptomatic treatment (such as control of lung infections, oxygen treatment), some require surgical treatment, such as alveolar bullae that cause clear lungs, tumors require surgical resection, lung isolation, cysts, repeated secondary infections, hemoptysis, Single arteriovenous fistulas are indications for surgical resection.