What is the dominant polycystic kidney disease?

The dominant polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder that affects more than 12 million adults and children or about 1 out of 500 people around the world. The dominant polycystic kidney disease is also known as simply PKD, it is named because it is characterized by several cysts filled with liquid, which are formed along the nephron area of ​​both kidneys, a part that filters dirt. These cysts consist of cells that proliferate much faster than normal kidney cells, leading to an increased number and size of cysts. In fact, the number and size of these cysts eventually becomes proportional to the size and weight of the kidneys and liver, which as a result suffer from inflammation and impaired functioning. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for dominant polycystic kidney disease, nor is there any treatment.

There are two forms of dominant polycystic kidney disease. A more common form is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Second forMa, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (Arpkd) is much more rare and occurs only in about 1 out of 20,000 people. While both forms are inherited, ADPKD carries a 50% risk of handing over the disease from the parent to the child at the time of conception. Otherwise, no form is discriminated against in terms of gender, age or ethnicity.

Most patients with ADPKD are influenced by a deviation in the 16th chromosome, namely the mutation of the PKD1 gene. On the other hand, only about 15% of patients show the mutation of the PKD2 gene, which is located in the 4th chromosome. However, the former scenario represents a much more serious result for the patient, because the progression of severe renal dysfunction usually occurs much faster. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease involves accepting two mutated genes, one from each parent. However, gifting parents usually do not have a Disease, nor is the rest of the family history.

another unfortunate aspect of this diseaseIt is that there are no brands of timely warning. In the end, however, different symptoms begin to appear. The most common are persistent pain on the side or back, passing blood in the urine and the formation of kidney stones. Hypertension or high blood pressure is another symptom to which it usually occurs before any signs of kidney damage occur and occur more often in men.

There are a number of secondary complications that may develop as a result of the presence of a dominant polycystic kidney disease. These include an increased risk of liver disease, brain aneurysms and cardiovascular disease. Some patients experience heart murmur and palpitations due to a prolamed valve in the heart. The potential of all these conditions requires frequent screening and monitoring.

Although there is no formal treatment of this disease, there are several proactive measurements that patients may commit themselves to slowing its progression. The most important of these is to follow a healthy strAVU and exercise regime and avoid behavior that increases the risk of heart disease, such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Similarly, steps should be carried out to maintain blood pressure, including drugs. Finally, it is essential that the PKD patient avoids over -the -counter medicines that can further damage the liver and kidneys such as aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen.