What is fibromuscular dysplasia?
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a condition characterized by narrowing of the arteries due to the growth of clusters of abnormal cells inside the artery walls. This can lead to a number of complications, including high blood pressure and increased risk of aneurysm. There is no cure for FMD and treatment options generally include medicinal therapy and surgical repair of the narrowed arteries. Symptoms associated with FMD that are manifested often depend on the location and extent of the narrowed artery. Fibromuscular dysplasia is commonly found in the walls of arteries that lead to the main organ, including the kidneys and brain. The walls of the artery placed on the limbs, such as legs and arms, may also contain abnormal clusters of cellular growth.Ure, chronic kidney failure and kidney tissue death, known as ischemic renal atrophy. In people whose FMD affects the arteries leading to the brain, symptoms may include chronic neck discomfort, dizziness and ringing in the ears, also known as tinnitus. Signs that FMD can affect the abdomen or limb of a person can ofAhrins the abdominal discomfort, numbness or cold in the limbs and physical weakness. It is possible that more than one artery will be affected by FMD.
There are a number of tests used to confirm the diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia. Initially, physical examination and blood test may be performed before larger testing. It seems that individuals whose symptoms indicate FMD may undergo further testing, which may include computer tomography angiogram (CT), ultrasound and magnetic resonance (MRI). Testing display allows closer, non -invasive examination of the affected area to determine if the arteries are narrowed. After diagnosis, periodic testing can be performed to evaluate the progression of the individual's condition.
Treatment of fibromuscular dysplasia depends on the overall health of the individual and the location of the tapered artery. Surgical repair of narrowed arteries usually intoIn combination with a prescription drug regime to restore the correct blood flow and alleviate the symptoms. The procedures used to restore proper artery function include percutaneous translational renal angioplasty (PTRA) and surgical revascularization.
Percutaneous translational angioplasty of the kidneys can be performed during CT angiogram. The procedure includes the insertion and inflation of the balloon into the narrowed part of the artery, which serves to improve blood flow. The procedure usually takes up to two hours and is performed, while the individual is conscious. A slight sedative is given to release the individual.
If PTRA is not a viable treatment due to a serious narrowing of the artery, surgical revascularization may be performed to restore proper blood flow. The type of procedure used under general anesthesia is entirely dependent on the location and extent of damage to the affected artery. In cases where there is a risk of aneurysm, a metal stent can be used to support the weakened artery and prevent rupture.
Medicinal therapies associated with FMD treatment may include the use of beta blockers, calcium channel blockers and inhibitors of the converting angiotensin (ACE) enzymes. The aim of medicinal therapy in most cases is to regulate and control blood pressure. There is a potential for adverse side effects associated with the use of such drug therapies, including impaired kidney function. Periodic urine analysis and blood tests can be administered to monitor the Ney child.
Although there is no only one, definitive cause for the development of fibromuscular dysplasia, it has been claimed that genetics and hormones can contribute to the progression of the disease. Premenopausal women seem to be at the highest risk of FMD development. Individuals who smoke also have an increased risk of becoming symptomatic. Complications associated with FMD include stroke, chronic kidney failure and aneurysm.