What is glycated hemoglobin?

glycated hemoglobin is a modified form of hemoglobin, which is present in the blood of most people. Its blood level control due to the level of normal hemoglobin is carried out to monitor patients with diabetes mellitus and the value corresponds to the average blood glucose levels in patients in the last two months. Many doctors measure glycated hemoglobin levels and use information to choose the patient's diabetes treatment. Each hemoglobin molecule is made of four polypeptide chains connected together by a number of chemical bonds. If hemoglobin is exposed to an environment with a high oxygen concentration, four oxygen molecules may bind. This oxygen is later released into peripheral tissues that require oxygen.

Glucose is the primary sugar that the body uses for food. This can be obtained in a diet made of carbohydrates rich or made of protein and fat disintegration. Many tissues, including red blood cells and brain, depend on the acquisition of blood glucose molecules to function properly.

glucose molecules are able to enter red blood cells to serve as fuel. While glucose can bind to the end of one of the hemoglobin polypeptide chains in a process called glycosylation. This reaction is officially called non -osymatic glycosylation because the reaction takes place without the help of a protein called enzyme; In other circumstances, the enzyme would help speed up chemical reactions. In normal patients, 5 percent of total hemoglobin are glycosylated or glycated hemoglobin.

Patients with diabetes mellitus have high blood levels in the blood due to problems with hormonal insulin. Nediabetics have a glucose level of less than 100 micrograms per deciliter, while diabetics have a level of at least 126Mikrograms per deciliter. Higher levels of circulating glucose in patients with diabetes lead to more glucose entering red blood cells. More non -osymatic glycosylationAnd higher glycated hemoglobin levels, results.

glycated hemoglobin is clinically used as a marker of glucose levels that patients had in their blood. It is also called hemoglobin A1C, which is further shortened as HBA1C. The level reflects the average blood glucose that the patient had in the last two months, because red blood cells, and therefore hemoglobin contained in red blood cells, have half of their lives approximately 60 days. Inspection of glycated hemoglobin offers an advantage when merely checking blood glucose levels as it provides information on glucose control for a longer period of time; The blood glucose level only provides a picture of what is the glucose level at the moment.

In diabetic patients, the level of glycated hemoglobin is usually checked every three to six months. The aim for most patients is that their glycated hemoglobin is less than 7 percent of their total hemoglobin, which corresponds to the average blood glucose levels of approximately 154 micrograms per deciliter. Doctors often pThey use measurements as a way to choose a treatment plan for diabetic patients. Increasing levels may indicate the need to add additional diabetes drugs to the patient.