What is HPE?

Holoposencephaly is a disorder that affects fruits during the initial part of intrauterine life - usually during the second month of pregnancy. The defect is caused by the front of the brain in the embryo known as the proženaphalon, cannot properly divide the hemisphere into double lobes. The disorder results in a brain structure with one lobe and can cause congenital defects of the skull and face.

HPE affects about 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 live births. Since HPE survives a very small number of fruits with HPE diagnosis, HPE frequency can be up to 1 of 200 or 250 pregnancies. Those who reach birth usually do not live for more than six months, although those with less serious abnormalities can live the normal life expectancy.

HPE children can be born with a number of symptoms of defect, including: small head, excessive brain fluid, mental retardation, epilepsy or abnormalities of organ systems. In less weightsChildren are born with normal or almost normal brains and facial deformations that can affect eyes, nose and upper lip. These facial abnormalities may include a flat nose that has only one nostril, eyes close to each other, cleft or floor, or just one upper middle tooth instead of two. More serious deformities may include one eye, which is centered on the face, a nose located on the forehead or a HPE child may be completely missing.

There are four HPE classifications:

• Alobar is the most serious classification of HPE. It is characterized by a brain that has not divided. Usually allok comes with severe abnormalities in the formation of the skull and face.
• semi-all is a milder classification of HPE. This form of disorder exists when the brain is partially divided into two hemispheres in the back of the brain, but not at the front. There are also mild abnormalities of face or skulls in this classification.
• Lobar There is a slight classification in which the brain is divided and there are only mild abnormalities of the skull and skull.
• Medium intermispheric variant (MIHV) occurs when the center of the brain did not separate.

The cause of HPE has to be determined, although risk factors include mother diabetes, as well as infection or drug use during pregnancy. Food and bleeding in the first trimester may also be indicators or symptoms of HPE. In some HPE children, abnormal chromosomes have been identified to indicate that HPE can be inherited.