What is prenatal DNA testing?

Prenatal DNA testing is an examination performed before birth to determine the child's paternity. This is achieved by comparing deoxyribonucleic acid -informed child (DNA) with possible father of the father. The mother will have to undergo a medical procedure for doctors to collect the DNA unborn child, while a possible father can generally give his DNA through the cheek swab.

There are two types of prenatal DNA testing procedures: invasive and non -invasive. Invasive procedures are some risks of fetus. Despite the risks, as invasive procedures can be as accurate as a standard or postnatal paternal test, they are more used than the prenatal non -invasive procedure. However, to avoid invasive risk procedures, they represent more accurate results than those that could provide a prenatal non -invasive procedure, the mother might want to opt for a standard paternity test. The physician uses the fetus surrounding the fetus from amniotod fluid. The needle is inserted over the abdomen of the mother and intothe uterus to allow the cells to collect. These fetal cells contain the DNA of the unborn child, which can then be used for the test. This procedure is usually performed between the 14th and 21st weeks of pregnancy.

sampling of chorionic villi (CVS) is another invasive procedure for prenatal DNA testing. The doctor again uses ultrasound as a guide. The needle or catheter is inserted over the abdomen or mother of the mother for collecting cells from the placenta or membrane surrounding the fetus. This procedure is usually performed earlier than amniocentesis, between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy.

Amniocentesis and CVS pose risks such as bleeding, infection or abortion. In amniocence, the risk of abortion is lower than TOCVS. The chances of abortion associated with amniocentesis are between 0.25 and 0.5 percent. The abortion associated with the CVS carries 2 % risk. If the CVS is done before the ninth week of pregnancy, this may cause a child to have defects in the fingers or atthe legs.

Non -invasive procedure of prenatal DNA testing requires the separation of fetal DNA from the mother's blood. This is possible because fetal DNA can enter and find themselves into the mother's blood during pregnancy. With this procedure, however, there are some concerns, the first is that the blood of the mother may contain DNA from pregnancy for more than 20 years, so the previous fetal DNA still exists in the bloodstream. Secondly, there is a sufficient amount of fetal DNA in the blood. Thirdly, this non -invasive procedure of prenatal DNA testing results in only an accuracy of 70 percent.