What is the occlusion of the retinal artery?
The occlusion of the retinal artery is an obstacle to the blood vessel that transmits blood to the retina, a photo -sensitive layer that lines the rear of the eye. Oblugs in the arterial system of the retina may appear in the main central retinal artery, which represents 57 percent of the retinal artery occlusion or in its smaller tributaries. These blood vessels supply the nutrition of the inner third of the retina. A patient experiencing an occlusion of the retinal artery represents the history of a sudden, painless visual deficit. In most cases, the occlusion of the retinal artery is caused by embolism, a floating blood clot, a cholesterol plaque or a fat globule that is accommodated in the internal artery opening.
Typical findings, when the patient experiences occlusion of retinal arteries, includes retinal pale in the area affected by an obstacle and a cherry red space in the macula. Another sign of retinal artery is a relative afferent papillary defect, with an unexpected expansion.Ka on the affected side when swinging with a flashlight from an unaffected side to the affected side. The cherry red spot is the result of an alternative blood flow to the macula, which keeps it with perfund's blood, ie red, on the background of the blood of a starving surrounding retina. Cherry red spots do not develop until at least an hour after the blocking. Animal studies suggest that irreversible damage occurs within 105 minutes after the occlusion closure, but people can recover to some extent days after the event.
The causes of retinal artery occlusion vary depending on the patient's age. On average, patients with occlusions of retinal arteries in their sixth or seventh decades of life, but patients who are considerably younger can also develop occlusion. Most embolnic cases stem from cardiovascular diseases or cholesterol plaques in the main neck. Other causes include migraine, sickle cell anemia, inflammatory arterial disease, infections and ointment from intravenous drug abuse.Glaucoma may also increase the risk of blocking in retina circulation.
Studies have shown that early intervention improves the prognosis after the occlusion of the retinal artery. Measures that dilatate or open arteries, including eye massage, inhalation of five percentage carbon dioxide and removal of fluid from the eye with a needle, all release an obstacle and allow it to move down the vascular supply to a smaller blood vessel. Drugs that dilate blood vessels or break blood clots can also be used. Some US physicians hyperbaric oxygen, supplied at high pressures to force oxygen into tissues with starvated blood and prevent retinal damage.