What are the intersections?

is a disorder in which the growing infant or bones of the child has an unusually low level of calcium and phosphorus, causing them to be weak and soft. This can lead to permanent deformations in skeleton and teeth, inability to grow properly, muscle weakness, seizures and chronic pain. Although the effects are sometimes irreversible, most curriculum types can be prevented by the child in its diet has enough vitamin D and gets enough exposure to sunlight. This is because vitamin D is essential for bones to mineralize or become hard; And because the exposure to sunlight is one way the body is doing vitamin D. Although this condition is relatively rare in developed countries, it is quite common in not developed countries.

Four main types

There are four main types of intersections and a number of high -specific subtypes. The main ones are:

nutritional junctions - This is one of the most common types and is caused by a lack of eating vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus or all three.

intersections resistant to vitamin D -called hypophosphatemia-linked hypophosphatemia, it is a genetic condition that is caused by a defect in the kidneys. Children with this condition produce too much phosphate, making bones more difficult to become hard. Unlike other types, this is usually not associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Vitamin d - there are two subtypes of this condition called type I and type II. Type I is a genetic state in which a certain gene mutation causes that the body is unable to convert a substance called Calcediol into calcitriol, the active form of type II vitamin is also genetic and is caused by a mutation that some of the bodily cells cannot recognize calcitrio. with a disorder because of a mother who has a shortageVitamin D or osteomalacia, adult version of intersections.

Other more specific types include renal osteodystrophy, an intersection -induced drug, hepatobiliary intersections and hypervitaminosis D Zabričí. The reason there are so many specific types of this condition is that many different problems can cause the body not to absorb or process vitamin D, calcium or phosphorus properly. All types of this condition can generally be diagnosed with a blood test and sometimes urine test. Doctors can also take X -rays or scan bone density to see how damaged bones and teeth are.

Causes

The basic cause of this condition is the problem of absorption of the body or processing calcium or phosphorus, two minerals that are necessary for proper bone growth. Vitamin D deficiency can cause many of these problems because the body needs vitamin D to absorb calcium and phosphorus from food. The main risk factors for intersections are nutritional deficiency of vitamin D and it is not enough to expose to sunlight, because the body can create some vitamin D separately, ifD absorbs the sun. Some genetic conditions may also cause the body to be able to properly absorb or process vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, which can also lead to this condition.

Generally speaking, children are most at risk of developing this condition when they are at the age of six and 24 months because their bones grow during this time. Other risk factor for this is dark skin, because darker pigmented skin produces less vitamin D when exposed to the sun. Children living in areas that are usually not very sunny are exposed to a higher risk for this than those living in sunny places. It also seems that some of the medicines against the tour are also associated with this condition.

Some health conditions can also expose a child for this condition, including Cyfibrosis of STIC, kidney -related problems and digestive disorders such as celiac disease, lactose intolerance or inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic or long -term malnutrition, diarrhea or zvRating are also risk factors. All these risk factors are related to how vitamin D is processed or absorbed by the body. For example, children with a kidney -called kidney tubular acidosis are sometimes unable to normally absorb vitamin D or children with long -term diarrhea may not be able to extract or store enough vitamin D from food before they get out of the body. Those with intolerance of lactose often do not consume enough products with vitamin D in them, so they are threatened by lack.

There are also lifestyle -related factors that can endanger children, including:

feeding a child with a strict vegetarian or vegan diet without replenishment of vitamin D.

Do not let the child have enough sunshine: sometimes it happens that the child wears a strong sunscreen continuously, or by constantly covering the child for religious reasons.

breastfeeding a child exclusively or for a longer period of time. This is because human breast milkIt does not have enough vitamin D for a growing child. Pediatricians advise women who want to feed their children solely with breast milk or breastfeed for a longer period of time to supplement the child's diet with vitamin D drops.

Prevention and Treatment:

Many types of intersections can be prevented and treated by ensuring that the child has enough vitamin D in his diet and gets enough sunshine. It is important to have both components because it is difficult for the body to get enough vitamin D itself.

ways to integrate vitamin D into the baby's diet

Ensure that the child drinks enough milk, especially vitamin D milk milk and other dairy products.

Incorporation of other vitamin D foods into children's diet, including fortified cereals, eggs, mushrooms and some fish, including salmon salmon, sardines and sized salmon.

refilling with vitamin D drops or pills under the supervision of a doctor. This is particularly important for children on vegan or vegetarian diet or for theThose who are fed only with breast milk.

Children should also be allowed to play outside in the sun without a sunscreen for at least 15 to 30 minutes a day to absorb enough sunshine.

These steps may not be enough for children with certain genetic types of intersections, especially intersections resistant to vitamin D. For those who have curves with vitamin deficiency, doctors often recommend to provide children with a high level of specific types of vitamin D. Hypercalcemia where blood has too much calcium. This can lead to vomiting, constipation, muscle weakness and abdominal pain. Vitamin D rings do not respond well to normal vitamin D supplementation, but sometimes they can be treated with calcitriol, concentrated, active form of vitamin D supplements and calcium supplements.

There are also ways to treat the deformities of the scythethe two -ones that come with this condition. Some skeletal deformities are repaired after the child gets into treatment, but children and adults can also wear braces and maintain the correct posture to face bowed legs and complications of the spine. In severe cases, surgery may be the only way to repair deformities.