What is a National Service Provider?

ISP (Internet Service Provider), an Internet service provider, is a telecommunications operator that comprehensively provides Internet access services, information services, and value-added services to a large number of users. ISP is a formal operating enterprise approved by the competent national authority and enjoys national legal protection. ^[1]

Chinese name: Internet service provider
Foreign name: ISP

Full name: Internet Service Provider
Nature: Internet service provider

ISP Introduction

ISP: full name Internet Service Provider, that is, Internet Service Provider, can provide dial-up Internet services, browse the Internet, download files,

Services such as sending and receiving e-mail are the entrance and bridge for network end users to access the Internet. It includes Internet access services and Internet content delivery services. This is mainly the Internet access service, that is, your computer or other terminal equipment is connected to the Internet through a telephone line. ^[2]

Because connecting to the Internet requires renting an international channel, its cost cannot be borne by ordinary users. As an intermediary for providing connection services, Internet access providers need to invest a lot of funds to establish transfer stations, rent international channels and a large number of local telephone lines, purchase a series of computer equipment, and provide local users with centralized use and distributed pressure. Shuttle service. Larger ISPs have their own high-speed leased lines so that they rarely rely on telecommunications providers and are able to better serve their customers. The largest international and regional Internet service providers are: AT & T WorldNet, IBM Global Network, MCI, Netcom, UUNet, and PSINet. ^[2]

The ISP certificate refers to "Internet access service business in the second type of value-added telecommunications services." It can be understood that this "access service" refers to "a series of supporting services for Internet access" This access concept not only refers to connecting a physical access such as a broadband optical fiber, but also refers to a series of supporting value-added services such as space rental and server hosting to successfully connect an information carrier such as a website to the Internet. Wait. Therefore, the expression of the Ministry of Information Industry is more complete than simply explaining the ISP with a "tech service provider". ^[2]

ISP classification

According to the current business division, Chinese ISPs mainly fall into the following categories: ^[3]

1. Search Engine ISP

Such as Baidu, Google and so on. ^[3]

2. Instant messaging ISP

Instant messaging ISPs mainly provide instant messaging services based on the Internet and mobile Internet. Because instant messaging ISPs have control over user resources, instant messaging ISPs can play a leading role in the instant messaging business value chain, which is very rare in the business model of cooperation with operators. Now operators are also working on instant messaging, such as mobile fetion, telecom's easy letter. ^[3]

3. Mobile Internet Service ISP

Mobile Internet business ICP mainly provides mobile Internet services, including: WAP Internet services, mobile instant messaging services, information download services, etc. ^[3]

4. The portal ISP provides information services such as news information and cultural information.

The portal ISP mainly provides various information to the public, and has a stable user base. Portal ISPs have a wide range of revenue sources, including online advertising, mobile services, online games and other services. For example: Sina, Sohu, Netease and Yahoo portals (including industry portals). ^[3]

5. In the field of email marketing, ISP mainly refers to e-mail service providers

RFC 6650 defines e-mail service providers as: companies or organizations that provide end-user email sending, receiving, and storage services. This definition covers email hosting services, as well as companies, universities, institutions, and individuals who independently manage mail servers. ^[3]

Common e-mail service providers include mainstream ISPs such as NetEase, Tencent, Sina, and Sohu in China. Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail, AOL, etc. are common abroad. ^[3]

Domestic and foreign ISPs

These ISPs typically implement the transfer and retrieval of information by implementing the Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Interactive Mail Access Protocol (IMAP), Post Office Protocol (POP), and other proprietary protocols. ^[3]

ISP ISP ISP Metrics

When choosing an ISP, you should pay attention to the following aspects. ^[4]

ISP qualification

When choosing an ISP, you should first verify the ISP's qualifications. Only companies with ISP value-added telecommunications licenses are eligible to engage in Internet access services. At the same time, you should understand the establishment of the ISP and industry experience. Industry-experienced ISPs also mean better reputation and quality of service. ^[4]

ISP service performance

Performance assurance should be one of the most important factors in seeking a qualified ISP. This feature should be negotiated and clearly defined in the ISP service contract. At the same time, it should also be checked whether the ISP's service contract is included, and if the service contract fails to meet the specified requirements, it should bear the clause of penalty for breach of contract. ^[4]

The service performance of ISP will be affected by many factors, so the service performance of the ISP to be selected should be examined from multiple aspects. These main factors are as follows: ^[4]

Reliability. Reliability includes the stability and reliability of hardware, software equipment, and dedicated lines; whether there has been a server failure that has caused long-term Internet failures; whether there has been user data loss, user billing system errors, and other issues. It can be measured by the percentage of service time that users can normally access the Internet or the percentage of telephone connection rates for dial-up access. Generally, less than 99.9% of normal service time is unacceptable. For those areas where local infrastructure is relatively backward, enterprises must negotiate the reliability of ISP services as an independent service term with the ISP. ^[4]

rate. There are three important indicators that can be used to measure rate. The first is the access rate, which is the fastest rate provided by the ISP when the user computer establishes a connection with the ISP. This rate varies depending on the access method. The second is the rate at which ISPs connect to several major network operators. If the speed of DDN leased lines that ISPs connect to international outlets is slow, there will also be great restrictions on our Internet access rate. The leased line rate is generally 128kb / s, 256kb / s, 2Mb / s, 4Mb / s, etc., we must choose the fastest one. The third point is the international export rate of the connected basic network operator. Of course, the faster the export rate, the better. ^[4]

Safety. The security of ISP services is also an important factor that must be examined. At present, most of the services provided by ISPs have a certain degree of security. When choosing an ISP, they must be able to provide support for firewall, remote monitoring, and security consulting features. ISPs should be able to provide appropriate encryption for online, router-based closed users, and non-online outlets for dial-in remote access users. ^[4]

ISP service items

There are many types of service items that the Internet can provide, and each ISP provides different items. Some provide all Internet services. Some only provide basic Internet services such as email, page browsing, file transfer, and remote login. The differences between ISPs are increasingly dependent on the value-added services they can provide, such as hosting, cabinet rental, and ISP platform rental. ^[4]

ISP Fees

The issue of charging is what users are most concerned about. At present, the charging standards of different ISPs are different, and generally include the network access fee (initial installation fee), monthly rental fee, and usage fee. The difference in charges is mainly in the use fee, some are calculated based on the time of login to the server, and some are charged based on the amount of information communicated. It is important to know whether the ISP charges additional fees. For example: how to add additional fees after the specified number of hours per month; whether it costs to download software; whether to send a large e-mail additional charges; whether to connect to some special outlets, browse special information resources, and so on. ^[4]

At present, users are more and more concerned about the accuracy of ISP charging, especially in the case of multinational services, ISPs should be able to provide enterprises with multiple types of charging forms (such as location-based charging or unified charging; and In the case of multinational contracts, fees are charged in multiple or a single currency), and a schedule for fees is established. ISPs should be able to submit bills to users on a monthly basis, and the billing period should be less than 180 days, as the period is too long to reduce the chance of finding errors. It should be possible to submit bills to users in different ways, such as online, paper, tape, and microfilm. ^[4]

The ISP's service report should cover the following: the configuration of the link, and recorded information about network performance, fault monitoring, and fault management. Real-time online reporting is the most preferred form of service reporting. Some ISPs also provide Web-based monitoring and management tools for ISP services, giving users greater control because this increases visibility into corporate ISP services. ^[4]

ISP service management

Does the ISP install | ntemet Internet software for users, whether to provide Internet basic operation training for users, whether to troubleshoot Internet problems for users in a timely manner, whether to explain the service items to users in a timely manner, whether to provide 24 hours service 24 hours a day, whether it is Users provide help, and they are all concerned. ^[4]

ISP ISP China's ISP situation

There are currently three basic operators in China: China Telecom: providing dial-up Internet access, ADSL, CDMA and other services; China Mobile: providing TD-SCDMA, GPRS, and EDGE wireless Internet access; China Unicom: providing GPRS, W-CDMA, and CDMA wireless Internet access , Dial-up Internet access, ADSL and other services; after the telecommunications reorganization, China Netcom merged with China Unicom, excluding China Unicom CDMA to form a new Unicom; China Railcom merged with China Mobile as its wholly-owned subsidiary; China Unicom CDMA merged with China Telecom Formed New Telecom. ^[1]