What are the different types of antiarrhythmic drugs?
According to the standard developed in 1970, there are usually four classifications of anti-arrhythmic drugs, including sodium channel blockers, anti-sympathetic nervous system, potassium channel blockers and calcium channel blockers. The first class is generally further divided into categories A, B and C, which represents weak, mild and strong blocking skills. Another group is sometimes called class V or different. Some anti-arrhythmic drugs may fall into more than one category because they produce more than one action.
Anti-arrhythmic drugs of class I or sodium blockers, correct arrhythmia binding and blocking channels that allow sodium ion. Either this action produces a longer resting phase before the cells become susceptible to the contraction stimulation, or the effect extends the time when the cells receive stimulation before the contraction formation. Doctors generally refer to these phases as an effective re -refractory period (ERP) and the duration of action potential (APD). Medicines in this classification could extend orOne or both phases, but generally have no effect on electrical conductive tissue. Prokainamide, lidocaine and propafenone are examples of sodium block channels that could be used to treat chamber tachycardia or atrial fibrillation.
Betta blockers, which belong to class II antiarrhythmic drugs, usually bind to beta-autoceptors of electrical conductive tissue and other heart tissue, preventing the connection of neurotransmitters of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Some medicines block β 1 and β 2 receptor sites, while others block only β 1 sites. Blocking the neurotransmitter approach generally reduces or eliminates the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. This action usual slows the heart rate by checking the level of contractility and power lines. Atenolol, Carvedilol and Propanolol are beta blockers that doctors could use to lE -adventure heart attacks, hypertension and tachycardia.
Potassium channel blockers containing anti-arrhythmic drugs of class III are bound to the channels of non-metallic tissues that allow potassium ions to leave the cell. This event not only extends the relaxation phase (ERP), but also extends the amount of time that cells require to get adequately stimulated and produce contraction (APD). These actions control tachycardia by preventing premature stimulation produced by anomalous triggers. Some medicines in this group perform more than one class. Amiodarone, although considered to be a potassium channel blocker, also shows the properties of class I, II and IV and Sotalol is also a beta blocker.
Anti-arrhythmic substance of Class IV, known as calcium-blockers of UM canals affect the conductive and non-conductive tissues of the heart along with the vascular smooth muscle. Blocking these channels usually prevents calcium ions to enter a cell that causes relaxation. This AKCE usually slows down heart rate by reducing the speed of line and levels of contractility. Diltiazem, nifedipine and verapamil are calcium channel blockers that doctors could prescribe for the treatment of angina, atrial fibrillation, tachycardia or hypertension.
adenosine and digoxin belong to different or class groups in anti-arrhythmic drugs that doctors often refer to as cardiac glycosides. These drugs affect the heart as other anti-arrhythmic, but do so without blocking ions. They generally slow or reduce the conductivity of the heart, although digoxin also extends the refractory period. Cardiac glycosides can be prescribed for tachycardia or atrial fibrillation.