What is intraosseous infusion?

Intraosseous infusion is emergency medical therapy performed in the patient when an immediate vascular approach is needed to supply blood, fluids or drugs. This procedure is an alternative to an intravenous catheter that cannot be used in some patients due to risks or difficulties. In the procedure of intraosseous infusion, the access road is usually through one of the long bones of the patient.

The establishment of an intravenous route is of fundamental importance in emergency situations threatening life. The intravenous catheter is the most commonly used procedure for obtaining an intravenous approach, but in children under 6 years of age, the catheter is sometimes difficult, not if impossible. In these cases, intravenous catheterization will not be attempted and an alternative intraosseous method is used instead. In addition, intraosseous infusions are used in any situation as an alternative method after three unsuccessful attempts at intravenous catheterization.

Marrow of Long Bones has access to venous circulation via the Kre networkThe blood vessels that connect to the central drainage channel in the bone and from there to the veins that connect to the central circulation system. The main advantage of the intraosseous route is that it cannot collapse because of the support provided by the bone itself. In patients with a peripheral vein collapse, intraosseous route is therefore a very useful method of administration of necessary fluids and drugs.

In intraosseous infusion is the most common way to access the tibia. If this part of the leg bone cannot be used because of a fracture, femur is generally used. During the procedure, the calf is sterilized and anesthetic before inserting infusion needles through the skin and tissue into the bone. The needle is inserted directly into the bone and gently progressive tissue until it examines the marrow.

There are risks and potential complications of intraosseous infusions that are not present for intravenous catheterization. The most common complications are called the extravation to whichIt occurs when fluids administered by needle leakage from bone to tissues. This complication is associated with the imperfect placing of the needle. Possible consequences of extravation depend on fluid administration; Some medicines and fluids may potentially cause damage to the surrounding muscle tissue.

Inserting needles into the bone can sometimes lead to bone or tissue infection. This is a rare complication that sometimes occurs when the needle is not disinfected before the procedure. Incorrectly placed needle can cause damage to the bone growth plate. If this happens in young children, it can cause abnormal bone growth.