What is an isotonic contraction?

isotonic contraction is a form of muscle exertion mainly characterized by a change in muscle length and joint angle. Isotonic exercises, also known as dynamic contraction , usually include a rhythmic, recurrent movement of large muscle groups. This is the type of muscle exertion that is most commonly used during strength training and cardiovascular exercise, resulting in pure profits of muscle size, strength and endurance. The isometric contraction, which does not change the length of the muscles and no visible movement of the joints, occurs when the muscle force is developed against the impossible object. Isometric training is sometimes used by athletes to overcome specific weaknesses in the dynamic range of movement of a particular muscle group or to prevent muscle atrophy when the limb is immobilized. Auxotonic contraction in which Resiss is as the force applies, is increasing dances, it is most often observed in the heart muscle. As the working muscles consume oxygen, heart rate increases and blood movese towards the area of ​​demand. Along with the support of heart rate, the volume of the heart stroke - the amount of blood drawn with every heart rhythm is also increased. As the isotonic contraction continues, there is a progressive increase in systolic blood pressure in combination with a stable or slightly reduced diastolic blood pressure.

In this way, the isotonic contraction imposes an increased load on the volume of the heart muscle. The heart adapts to increased burden on building strength and endurance. This adaptation is known as the effect of heart training and occurs most often in response to demands dynamic exercise. On the other hand, isometric exercise usually leads to an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, accompanied by a slight increase in heart expenditure without significant increase in blood flow to the work muscles.

isotonic contraction can be further divided into eccentric and kOncecentric contractions . Concentric contraction occurs when muscle force is greater than the strength of resistance and the muscle is shortened. Muscle shortening results in a clean reduction in the working joint angle. When training resistance, this is generally a phase of movement that moves against gravity - for example, a part of the bicepine curl when the elbow is bent and the barbell moves up.

eccentric contraction occurs when the resistance force exceeds the strength of the muscle. In this case, there is usually an overall extension of the muscle and an increase in the joint angle. Levy weight musclimit is up to 40% higher than concentric contraction during eccentric contraction. Both forms of isotonic contractions are effective for building muscle strength, but there are other adjustments that are specific to eccentric exercises.

Extreme athletes such as bodybuilders and ultra-marathoners tend to engage in eccentric exercises than in the ordinary population. As a result, these athletes have greater than the average binder around the musclestissue. This is considered an adaptation to protect muscles from a high level of force associated with this form of exercise. On the contrary, exercise programs that reduce or eliminate the eccentric phase of contraction were associated with stress injuries and limited profits in muscle strength.