What is constructivism?

Constructivism is an educational theory based on the idea that a person, especially as a child, learns new material by creating his idea of ​​the world and then adding or changing this view to continue to learn. It is not a specific pedagogy or teaching method, but has influenced a number of specific pedagogical movements and teaching methods in classes and houses. Critics of constructivism argue that assimilation and accommodation processes are only worthwhile if there is already a strong knowledge base.

The leading figure of constructivism was a Swiss philosopher named Jean Piaget. Piaget founded the basic principle of constructivism, which means that knowledge is not simply obtained, but is constructed in the mind of a person during the learning process. This is achieved by two methods referred to as assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is a process by which a person incorporates new information into the existing knowledge of the knowledge he has. For example, a person who learns about specific types of dogs can simply assimilate new ideas of dog typeThe dating framework of his knowledge of dogs. Accommodation, on the other hand, deals with the integration of new knowledge that changes the current knowledge of the person.

Basic units of knowledge that one knows is usually referred to as schemes, with another scheme that dictates various things that one understands. If someone meets dogs all their lives, it has a subconscious understanding of what the dog is, the "dog" scheme. The theory of constructivism states that if this person first encounters a cat, Either will consider the cat as a new type of dog, assimilate knowledge in existing schemes, or create a new scheme to establish a cat as a separate type of creation and adapt its existing knowledge base with new information.

These ideas have led to a number of different pedagogical approaches to teaching such as "constructionism" and "controlled teaching". In these approaches, the instructor often behaves as a facilitator rather than a teacher andThey seek students to discover and create knowledge for themselves. Critics of constructivism argue that this often serves to reduce the importance of the classroom in the classroom and that students require proper instructions to get to accurately understand objects such as mathematics and science. Although concerns are concerned, many teachers seek to find a balance that can present and teach new ideas, and at the same time lead students to find their own means to understand and construct knowledge.