What is cystin?
cystin is a naturally occurring amino acid containing sulfur derived from cysteine, related amino acids. Both are 20 amino acids involved in building plant and animal proteins and control of cellular functions by catalyzing most chemical reactions that occur in living cells. Cystin is a dimeric amino acid made of oxidation of two identical, simpler cysteine molecules whose sulfur atoms were associated with the formation of a disulphide bridge. It is referred to as a "dimer" molecule and is a chemically stable form of cysteine. It is a flavorful, organic compound with a molecular formula C 6 h 12 n 2 o 4 2 .
William Hyde Wollaston identified cystin in 1810. It was virtually unnoticed until it was isolated from the corner of the cow in 1899. Then it was finally recognized as part of proteins.
Cystin and cysteine are categorized as irrelevant amino acids. Can besynthesized in the body, so it is not necessary to obtain from food. They are derived from the same sources, provide the same nutritional advantages, and the human body requires them for basic health and vitality. The source of food, which is naturally rich in cystin/cysteine, is whey protein made of non -frequent milk. Other food sources include garlic, onions, fish, liver, eggs, sesame seeds and other seeds.
with abnormal metabolism, transport and storage of this amino acid is associated with several hereditary diseases and disorders. One such disorder is cysturia, metabolic defect characterized by abnormal movement of cystin and other amino acids in the kidneys and intestines. Cystin occurs as a natural lesion in the urine, but excessive cystin accumulates and remains unresolved in the urine. This can cause kidney stones and deposits in urea and bladder.
cystinosis is a rare genetIic disorder occurring in young children. It is characterized by abnormal metabolism of cystin and accumulation of cystin crystals in cell tissues. These crystals can adversely affect many body systems. The kidneys and eyes tend to suffer the most damage, while retinopathy and short statue are features of disorders.
Another cyst -related disorder occurs when cellular function in renal tubules is disrupted. This can lead to fanconi syndrome, which can also be caused by drugs or heavy metals. In Fanconi syndrome, certain substances are released into the urine, which are usually absorbed into the bloodstream by the kidneys.
A number of proteins contain cystines, including animal feathers and hooves. In particular, cysteine is present in hair, nails and skin like alpha-keratin, fibrous insoluble protein. It is abundant in skeletal and connective tissues. Cystein and its Dimcystin ER molecules are also involved in the main detoxification processes in the body.