What are opioid receptors?
Opioid receptor is a receptor bound to G protein, where activation of the protein on the outside of the cell activates a cascade of chemical pathways in the cell. Opioid receptors are molecules or places in the body that are activated by opioid substances. These places were discovered at the beginning of the 70s. Opioid receptors are located in abundance in Misha, but are also located at lower concentrations at places like the digestive tract. There are many opioid substances that are able to activate the receptor sites, including endogenous opioids produced by a human system such as endorphins and enkefalins, as well as external laboratory opiates such as hydrocodes and morphine. These paths include serotonin, catecholamine and P paths, which are what contributes to the perception of pain and feelings of well -being. Opioid receptors are further subcracated to MU, Delta and Kappa receptors. All classes while showing different ways of action, sharing some basic afterDiscoverness. They are all powered by a potassium pump mechanism located on the plasma membrane of most cells.
The different effect of MU, Delta and Kappa is not so much due to various cellular reactions after the actual pump is activated, but because of the anatomical placement of receptors. For example, opioid receptors that are placed on the spinal cord and brain show the effect of damping pain in the central nervous system, while opioid receptors in respiratory and digestive tracks inhibit other effects such as digestion and cough response. The inhibitory response is activated in all the beginning opioid receptors inhibition of the common enzyme of the adenylate cyan. After this initial chemical reaction, the following chemical cascade reduces the flow of related information to processing centers in the brain. People suffering from opiate drugs do not have enough opiates to inhibit these excitation pathways, which leads to agitacI and an exaggerated reaction of pain.
Most research conducted on opioid receptors focuses specifically on the receptor. The stimulation of this receptor is associated with intense feelings of euphoria and balance. This reaction is considered to be partially caused by the cross reaction of the receptor with neurotransmitter systems of dopamine and gamma-amino amino amino-butyl acid (GABA). The body produces an opioid substance that is similar to narcotic morphine bound to MU.