What is a nerve cell?
nerve cells - also known as neurons - are primary building blocks of the nervous system in humans and animals. At the basic level, the nerve cell works by transmission and receiving electrochemical messages. These reports can serve several purposes, including the transmission of sensory information to the central nervous system and regulation and control of organs in the body. The function of a single nerve cell could be described as relatively simple, but when combined in groups, nerve cells can allow complex processes such as brain knowledge.
Like most other cells in the body, the nerve cell generally has both the core and the cell body. There are extensions called dendrites around the cell body that specialize in receiving different types of stimuli depending on the location and purpose of the nerve cell. Once dendrites detect some form of stimuli, cell body generates an electrical pulse called action potential that travels on a structure of a similar wire called axon to the target.
Three basic types of nerve cells are motor neurons, sensory neurons and interneurons. The neuron engine is a nervous cell that transmits a signal to a muscle or gland. Sensory neurons receive information from the sensory organs and transfer this information back to the central nervous system. Interneurons, which perform most of the work in the brain and spinal cord, transmit information between sensory and motor neurons. The speed of the electrical pulse, which is transmitted by a nerve cell, may vary depending on a number of factors, but the average is about 200 mph (321,8688 km / h), which is slower than electricity travels on the wire.
The average human brain has about 100 billion neurons and about 10 times as many cells cells that perform several vital functions that help neurons work properly. One -part between neurons and other cells in the body is their lifetime. While most cells die and are replaced inRelatively short cycles, research has shown that many neurons in the body are not replaced and some will last a human life. In the course of a long life, some neurons gradually die, but generally there are more than enough surviving neurons that compensate for any normal loss. Scientists have found that one part of the brain called hippocampus has the ability to regenerate lost neurons, but it seems that it is not possible anywhere else in the body.