What is swallowing?

swallowing is caused to hand over food or drink, which was divided into the mouth into the pharynx or neck and subsequently into the esophagus to enforce the digestive tract. When one swallows, the cartilage structure called epiglottis closes above the entrance to the trachea or trachea and ensures that the swallowed material passes into the pharynx behind it rather than gets into the lungs. This is a reflex that is appropriate to prevent a person from suffocating. Swallowing reflex also prevents pulmonary aspiration or what is better known as food that went down on the wrong pipe.

also known anatomically as tastics, swallowing requires coordination of several body systems and structures. In fact, this action in conjunction with food includes three different phases, each of which includes a different control center in the middle or peripurate nervous system. The first phase is known as the oral phase and consists of the act of eating - fromSmall that chewing or chewing food placed in the mouth, release of saliva to begin the chemical disintegration of this food and lubricate it to facilitate swallowing and muscular effect known as the formation of the outline that shifts and ishable. This is a completely voluntary phase, which means that it is intentionally done by skeletal muscles, those that facilitate conscious movement. Therefore, the oral phase is supervised by the central nervous system, namely the limbic system, media lobes and other brain structures in the cortex.

The remaining two phases of swallowing are largely involuntary and are therefore controlled by an autonomous nervous system, division of the peripheral nervous system, which is responsible for unconsciousness such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. In the second phase, the pharynx phase, partly fissioned food known as Bolus swallows and moves to the pharynx. In order to happen, other passages to and out of the throat must be temporarily blocked because the pharynx is preparation for the bolus inputu raise small skeletal muscles. These passages include nasopharynx, entrance from the nasal cavity to the neck behind the soft floor; Oropharynx, opening into the neck at the back of the mouth, which temporarily closes to enter all the contents of the mouth at the pharynx at the same time; and vocal folds at the top of the larynx above the venet. In addition, the openings into the hearing tubes that lead into the ears open during swallowing to reduce the pressure.

As soon as the involuntary contractions of the smooth muscles inside the pharynx pushed the bolus into the esophagus, the third phase of swallowing may begin. At this stage, the esophagus phase, it does notopheries continuously towards the stomach and encounters any other potential output points. It is first transmitted through the esophagus of the skeletal muscle and then mostly smooth muscles, which Bolus moves through a process known as peristalize. During the peristalsis, a number of contractions of smooth muscles cause the walls of the esophagus to wavy like ocean waves and slowly carry food down. At the same time, the larynx muscles and the pharynx are released, allowing these structures to be returnedto their normal, unblocked positions. Again, these are involuntary processes, which means that the body is done automatically and that once they have started, they cannot be consciously stopped.