What is neocortex?

Neocortex is the last part of the brain of mammals that evolves. It is found in the outer brain hemisphere and consists of six separate layers that allow specific skills. The six -layer neocortex is a unique feature in mammals because it is found in all mammals, but not other animal brains.

There is an neocortic involvement in specific skills such as sensory perception, spatial reasoning, motor commands, conscious language and thought processes. This is made possible by frontal, occipital, time and parietal lobes that exist in the neocortic area. For example, the emotional and social processing of skills occurs in the orbitofrontal bark, which is in the frontal lobe. Visual functioning in the primary visual cortex is inside the occipital lobe. The auditory functioning in the primary auditory bark is located in the time lobe, while the frontal lobe contains areas relevant to tongue processing.

There are two main types of neurons inside Neocortex. There are excitation pyreesLittle neuron and inhibitory interneurone. Pyramidal neurons, distinguishing their triangular cell body and the presence of individual axons, are part of the process that results in engine operation, cognitive processing and visual processing. Inhibitory interneurons in the brain regulate countless functions in the neocortic area such as perception.

neurons in Neocortex are arranged vertically in neocortical columns. In the human brain, Neocortex has 500,000 of these specific columns and each column consists of 60,000 neurons. Neocortical columns have a diameter of approximately half a millimeter and a depth of approximately 2 millimeters. When working, each of the columns usually responds to a sensory stimulus that represents a particular part of the body or which represents a vision or in a sound way.

Also in Neocortex is non -perelinated fibers and gray mass that surrounds the deeper myelinovanem axons placed inside the brain. In addition, the neocortical area in the brain has a look that differs depending on the type of mammal. For example, in rodents Neokortex seems to be smooth, but in larger mammals such as primates, it consists of deep grooves and has a wrinkled appearance. Deep grooves increase the surface area available in Neocortex, which is 76 percent of brain volume in humans. This allowed primates such as humans to have very highly developed speech, memory and languages ​​skills.