What are binary numbers?

The word "binary" concerns a system composed of two parts such as a binary star. Binary numbers are no different from the numbers you are used to; They are represented only differently - only with 1s and 0s. While binary numbers are used in many fields, electric and computer applications are most commonly used.

The most common system for representing numbers is not a binary system; It's a decimal system. Also known as Base-10, decimal system that uses ten digits-0 to 9. Each location in the number corresponds to a thickness of 10. Decimal number 546.23 so equals: (5 x 10 2 ) + (4 x 10

1 ) + (6 x 10 0 ) + (2 x 10

-1 ) + (3 x 10

-2 )

There are many other systems; The binary system, also known as Base-2, is one. Binary numbers use only digits 0 and 1 .. Each location in the number corresponds to force 2. Therefore binary number 11100 For example, would be represented in the following decimal format: (1 x 2 4 ) + (1 x 2

3 )+:

It is clear that the decimal decimal system is a more compact system of notation than the binary system. Yet the binary system has some unique features that make it quite useful for certain operations, including those used by digital computers. Since every BI Nara Digi t - bit has only two possible states, it is easily represented by an electric switch with two positions. The "1" number is the switch on, or "yes", while the "0" number represents the switch or "no".

binary arithmetic can be done using a small number of simple rules, which allows you to calculate numbers using only a handful of electric gate. For example, to multiply two digits together, you only need to remember the following:

0 x0 = 0
0 x 1 = 0
1 x 0 = 0
1 x 1 = 1

The system of two values ​​for representing binary numbers can also see that it corresponds to the two values ​​of the truth used in symbolic logic. Consider the following tables of truth using a logical operator 'and: "

F and f = f
F and t = f
T and f = f
T a t = t

If you replace "F" for "0" and "T" with "1", it is clear that the logical operator "and" are equivalent to multiplication of signs in binary arithmetic. Other mathematical operations can also be replaced for logical operations. Since logical operators can be easily represented in computer circuits. She is known as "Boolean Algebra", a mathematician of the 19th century George Boole, after his discoverer.

In the memory of the computer, block -bits are called byte . Byte can represent numbers 00000000 to 11111111, which is 0 to 255 in the decimal system. Different recoveryNumerous architecture can handle different numbers of bits in one calculation; Such a group of bits is called the word . The word is often a multiple of eight bits, and the most common are 16-, 32- and 64-bit words.