What is a chromosome mutation?
chromosomes that contain genetic information in cells of many different organisms can mutate through different processes, often at the expense of a mutated organism. The chromosome mutation takes place on the level of the chromosome, which means that the entire structural unit of the chromosome will change in some way. Chromosome mutation is often considered to be different from gene mutation, in which only one gene on the chromosome changes. Chromosome mutations occur on a larger scale that affects a significant part of the whole chromosome, so many genes can be affected by a single mutation.
chromosome mutation is generally classified on the basis of a specific structural change in chromosome or chromosomes. One type of mutation is, for example, merger; It occurs when two different chromosomes or chromosome segments are combined into one. Scientists indeed believe that the human second chromosome is the merger of two chromosomes that have pre -school ancestors. Another type of chromosome mutation is referred to as Inourse and occurs when the chromosome segment is turned. Inversions often do not cause any visible mutations of the body, because all genetic information is generally intact and unchanged - even if it is not always the case.
When a chromosome mutation changes the number of copies of a particular gene in the body genome, it is much more likely that it will cause any notice or significant effect on the body. Common mutations of this form include advertising that put a new segment into the chromosome and deletion that removes the segment from the chromosome. Both types of chromosome mutations lead to a change in copies of the gene or gene. Excessive expression or underexpression of the gene, one of which can be disappointed with drastic effects on the expression of the gene in the body. For example, in the white mutation in the fruit fly Drosophila Melanogaster , for example, a lack of sufficiently expressed gene coding for Pigmentation of eyes in flies with white eyes.
Scientists have many different ways to identify a particular chromosome mutation or a gene mutation. Organisms with different genetic features can be exceeded in different combinations to create a general "map" that indicates the location of the mutation. Scientists can also sequential parts of the organism genome. Sequencing represents scientists a detailed view of the genetic information of the organism and its location on the chromosome.