What is Paperwork?

A document is a Chinese vocabulary, pronounced wén sh, and now most often refers to official documents, letters, contracts, etc., or posts in official documents. The foreign name of the document is document.

[wén sh]

Documents used in various historical periods from ancient China to the late Qing Dynasty. Its development process can be roughly divided into three stages: before the Warring States period, the Qin Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties was the middle period, and the Sui, Tang and Qing Dynasty were the later period. Documents in the early period are relatively simple, and various documents in the middle period gradually form special language names, and each language has also started a specific program. In the later period, the carriers of common languages have used paper, the word processing procedures have become more stringent, and the programs of various languages have matured.

According to historical records, the earliest document in ancient China was the "Yu Shu" recorded by historians in the emperor and Shun period before 2000 BC, but the original was long gone. The earliest existing ancient documents were

Before the Qin Dynasty, there were no special names of languages, collectively referred to as books, and the names of the document carriers were usually used to distinguish their importance.

The documentary procedures formed in China's feudal society run through the spirit of hierarchy in terms of titles and terms. According to historical records, the Qin and Han dynasties had regulations on the written procedures. More complete official regulations exist, including

The seal is an important part of ancient documents. The person in charge of the document affixes a seal to a certain part of the document as a sign of the validity of the document. The seal was originally called? Or seal. The seal of the instrument is found in the earliest recorded period in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC.

General language reference books tell us: the word instrument has two meanings . One is the personnel engaged in receiving and dispatching documents, operating, urging, planning, printing, archiving, archiving, etc. in various types of agencies or other units; and the general term for various official and private documents.

I. Meaning of the instrument A document is a general term that refers to a written material that records information and expresses intentions. Throughout the ages, people have written and produced documents to record information, transmitted documents to exchange information with each other, published documents to the public and so on. It can be seen that the instrument is a tool that people use to record information, exchange information, and release information. The instruments include both private and official documents. The so-called private documents refer to personal letters, diaries, autobiography, wills, genealogy, writing manuscripts, house deeds, land deeds, etc. that are formed and used by individuals or families and families in their own activities or personal interactions. Private instruments are not the focus of this book's research. So what is an official document? Regarding official documents, a definition has been made in the "Measures for Handling Official Documents of State Administrative Organs", which refers to communicating and implementing the principles and policies of the party and the state, issuing administrative regulations and rules, implementing administrative measures, requesting and responding to questions, instructions, deployment and An important tool for negotiating work, reporting, and exchanging experiences. Official documents are the main content of this book.

2. Documents, documents, and documents. The three concepts of documents, documents, and documents are often used simultaneously in government units. Now, we will briefly analyze the three.

Documents, in a broad sense, are written materials formed by institutions, groups, enterprises, institutions, and individuals in social activities in accordance with certain styles and requirements in order to meet certain needs. In other words, all written materials can be called documents. It can be seen here that the scope of the instrument is very broad. The word "Encyclopedia of Modern Office Clerical Writing" contains a narrative in the "Hanshu Criminal Law" that "documents are profitable in several cabinets, and coders cannot see them all." In the poem "Wangxiyi" in the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Zhen had the sentence "The eyes are full of documents, and the eyes are faint for a while, and I sleep for a while". The "document" here refers to the official document. In addition, there are fu bie, book deeds, etc., which are also used by the people. They are also called "documents". Therefore, ancient documents have two types: public and civilian. It can be seen that the concepts of ancient instruments are basically similar to those of modern times.

Official documents refer to the documents formed and used in official activities, or the documents used in handling official affairs are called official documents. The word Guanwen appeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. "Hou Han Liu Tao Biography" said: "States and counties are taboo and don't want to smell it, but they are more telling, Moken." In the "Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi, and Zhao Ji Biography", there is also "Bai Cao Gong, under the official document. County, Mian silk learn to return people. " Since then, official documents have become the collective term for official documents.

A document refers to a document with a uniform format and written relationship that is formally exercised by agencies, groups, enterprises, and institutions. It is part of the official document, or the main part of the official document. The word "document" appeared relatively late. According to research, it was officially used only in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, in the Qing Dynasty's diplomatic documents, "negotiation documents", "reciprocal documents", "publication documents", etc. were often mentioned. In the Republic of China, the term document was used more widely and more widely. To sum up, the meanings of the three words of documents, documents and documents are basically the same. But strictly speaking, there is a difference between the meaning and the width, as well as the customary name. The difference between the three is not in its connotation but in its extension. According to customary names, they are in different places, either in documents, in official documents, or in documents. We are used to saying "clerical work" instead of "document work" or "document work". We are used to saying "document processing procedures" rather than "document processing procedures". We are used to saying "central documents" rather than "central documents" "Central Document". Idioms are made by convention. In this book, we also respect idiomatic expressions. In different places, we use the words "official document", "document" and "document".

Third, the characteristics of official documents

(1) Official documents are made and published by legal authors. Not everyone can write casually. They are made and published by legal authors. The so-called "statutory author" mainly refers to an organization that is established in accordance with the law and can exercise power and assume obligations in its own name. Administrative agencies, mass organizations, enterprises and institutions are established and exist legally in accordance with laws, regulations, articles of association, decisions, resolutions, etc., and they are all legal authors. From the perspective of state organs, in accordance with Article 89 of the Constitution, the State Council can "according to the Constitution and the law, the first application of writing to outline administrative measures, formulate administrative regulations, issue decisions and orders." According to the

The Chinese People's Liberation Army Internal Affairs Regulations (2010 edition) have stipulated the responsibilities of the instrument as follows:

Ordnance officer and clerical duties: (1) Distribute and register all company weapons, ammunition, equipment and ordnance;

(2) To manage the weapons, ammunition, equipment, and ordnance that are centralized in the company, and strictly enforce safety regulations;

(3) To check and understand the use, maintenance and storage of all-arms weapons and equipment, and to provide technical guidance, and report any problems in a timely manner;

(4) promptly repair damaged ordnance and equipment, and collect and hand over used (waste) and seized ordnance and materials in accordance with regulations;

(5) Filling in and keeping the company registration form, roster, and required statements; accurately and timely reporting and reporting company strength;

(6) To issue, register and keep orders, regulations, documents, teaching materials and teaching aids, stationery;

(7) Under the direct leadership of the political instructor, responsible for issuing, registering and managing company secret equipment.