What is the rate of reaction?

The quantitative analysis of behavior began with Burrhus Frederic Skinner, who invented objective ways to measure and observe behavior. His most important creation was an operative chamber box. With the use of this device, Skinner was able to observe and manipulate an animal by measuring the number of answers produced in a given time period called the speed of the reaction. Skinner found that some events increased the rate of reaction, while other events reduced it. The reaction rate was measured by a cumulative recorder connected to the operative chamber box. According to Thorndike, the answers are strengthened by favorable consequences and are weakened by adverse consequences. Thorndike referred to this relationship between reaction and consequence as a law of effect and its discontry stimulated many experimental studies in psychology of psychology called behavioralism.

Skinner was the first psychologist to invent a way to measure thOrndike's law of effect. He designed an operating chamber box that made it possible to observe, manipulate and record the behavior of the animal. The operating chamber box was used for rats and other animals and was built so that some behavior such as the punch of the lever leads to a consequence, such as food supply. Skinner designed a cumulative recorder that could measure reactions such as lever presses and recorded response degrees. He manipulated the environmental factors that influenced the rate of reactions and found that some factors had increased the response rate, while others had reduced it.

Operational conditioning has shown that the response rate is determined by a discriminatory stimulus. In this type of conditioning, the stimulus dictates what behavior will lead to a certain consequence. Skinner referred to a discriminatory stimulus as an event that preceded the behavior and called the relationship between discriminatory stimulus, behavior and a result as a three -year unforeseen event.

Behaviorists study behavior by checking relationships between three -year drivein a fetus manner. The manipulation of these relationships results in five different results: positive strengthening, negative strengthening, punishment, response costs and extinction. Each of these results has a different effect on response speed.

Positive strengthening results in an increase in response, because the reaction is followed by a pleasant stimulus. Similarly negative strengthening causes an increase in response levels; But this is because it stops a negative stimulus. The punishment leads to a reduction in the rate of reaction because the reaction results in an aversive stimulus, while the cost of causes response reduction of response from the reaction stops a positive stimulus. Extraction causes a reduction in what the response was reinforced because this response is followed by a booster.