How effective are antibiotics for MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , more often known as MRSA, is a type of bacteria resistant to at least one class of antibiotics. There are many different MRSA tribes and bacteria continue to evolve and adapt. The effectiveness of antibiotics for MRSA treatment depends on many variables, such as the type of infection, geographical area and patient medical history. Some medicines remain effective against most MRSA tribes, but laboratory testing has already demonstrated the potential of resistance to these drugs.
s. Aureus is a form of bacteria that usually occurs on human skin. Although it is usually harmless, it can cause infections in open cuts or wounds. These infections have been treated with antibiotics for many years, but in 1961 MRSA, a tribe resistant to commonly used antibiotic methicillin, was identified in the UK.
In the mid -90s of the last century, drugs such as meticillin, penicillin and amoxicillinuration against MRSA, which infected a growing number of people.Most of the infections were associated with health care (Ha-Mrsa) and spread in places such as hospitals where bacteria could cover people with a weakened immune system. The Social Community of the Associated MRSA (CA-Mrsa) was found in a community environment with close contact between individuals, such as day care centers and military boot camp.
CA-MRSA strains often differ genetically from ha-mrsa tribes. This means that the effectiveness of antibiotics for MRSA infections may depend on how the infection has been obtained. Some drugs, including clindamycin, rifampin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, are much more effective in the treatment of CA-Mrsa infections than Ha-Mrsa infection. CA-MRSA infections also respond better to the class of fluoroquinolone of antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin than Ha-Mrsa.
resistance to the drugs of interibacteria may also vary regionally. For example, a 2003 study found that 94% of CA-Mrsa samples taken from PACitients in Chicago had genes responsible for resistance to Clindamycin compared to only 8% of the samples tested in Houston. This makes it even more difficult to determine the most effective antibiotics for MRSA.
In serious or life -threatening cases, the drug is known as vancomycin often administered intravenously. Vankomycin, once the only choice in the treatment of tribes with more medicinal resistance, remains effective for most infections caused by CA-Mrsa and Ha-Mrsa. Unfortunately, several unusual tribes s. Aureus are now resistant to beta-lactam and vancomycin antibiotics and is difficult to treat them.
recently introduced antibiotics, such as linezolide, are used to treat especially stubborn infections. Linezolid is usually used as a last option due to its high costs and side. In addition, excessive use of this drug could stimulate bacterial resistance against one of the most effective antibiotics for MRSA currently on the market.
the patient's own history can also contributeto the effectiveness of S. Aureus infections. About 25 to 30% of people have s. Bacteria aureus living on the skin, and these bacteria could become resistant to antibiotics used for other types of infections. Previous hospitalization, surgery and chronic diseases can increase the risk of serious MRSA infections.
MRSA has proved to be extremely adaptable and permanent and is likely to remain a problem both in the healthcare and in the community environment. In laboratory tests, MRSA has shown resistance to each antibiotic drug that is currently used to treat . Aureus infection . s. It seems that bacteria aureus have the ability to exchange genetic material with other microorganisms that could speed up resistance to drugs. These factors mean that new MRSA outbreaks will be almost sure of the future.
However, there is evidence that the re -introduction of certain older antibiotics could be effective. Bacteri can over timee to lose your resistance to unused medicines; Cycling drugs in and out of use can be able to keep health workers more effective arsenal against MRSA.