What are the different antioxidant enzymes?
The most common and most important antioxidant enzymes include glutathion peroxidase, catalase and superoxiddismutase. The four remaining antioxidant enzymes are glutathion reductase, thioredoxin reductase, heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase. Some people confuse antioxidants with antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidants help repair damage caused by free radicals in the body and the resulting oxidation. However, enzymes try to stop damage before it happens, by running chemical reactions that deprive the body of free radicals and dangerous oxygen in the form of oxides.
Glutathion peroxidase and glutathion reductase form a glutathionic system of antioxidant enzymes that specifically protect the body from peroxides, especially hydrogen peroxide. These two enzymes are particularly active in the brain, which is the most susceptible to free radical oxidation. There are four different types of peroxidase enzyme. Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (CGPX) primarily helps brain, thyroid and heart. Plasma gluTathion peroxidase (PGPX) protects plasma blood from peroxides.
Gastrointestinal glutathion peroxidase (gigPX), which is produced in the kidneys, works in the liver and gastrointestinal tract. They attack peroxides generated by food consumption. Phospholipide Hydroperoxide glutathion peroxidase (PhGPX) works on peroxides attached to fats in sexual organs, in the brain area and in plasma membranes. Glutathion Reductase flows from any oxidized glutathion.
as well as glutathionic antioxidant enzymes, catalase also destroys hydrogen peroxide. Thioredoxin reductase is different. Its task is to get rid of the body of protein disulphides, which are the main triggers for harmful oxidation. By removing protein disulphides, thioredoxine reductase can reduce the total amount of oxygen at point. This enzyme depends on selenium and cannot work properly if the body does not have sufficient tradesthis mineral.
superoxiddismutase separates free radicals into two materials: oxygen atoms and hydrogen peroxide molecules, which can then be destroyed by other antioxidant enzymes. Desmutazy enzymes work in one of the two areas of the cell: cytoplasm or mitochondria. HEME oxygenase reduces heME in the blood to carbon dioxide, iron and biliverdin. The oxygen inside the biliverdin is deprived of the enzyme of the biliverdin reductase. In fact, this chemical reaction is produced by an antioxidant known as bilirubin.
oxygen is usually considered desirable. He breathed into the lungs, it is beneficial. At the cellular level, however, oxygen causes cells to decompose, age and die. Antioxidant enzymes are trying to stop this cycle of destruction.
people often receive antioxidant enzymes from supplements or food containing living enzymes. Foods containing living antioxidant enzymeclude algae, yeast and sprouts. Also raw vegetables, barley and wheat grass contain high levels of antioxidant enzymes.