What Is a Robertsonian Translocation?

Robertsonian translocation, also known as centric fusion. This is a form of translocation that occurs on the proximal centromere chromosome. When two proximal centromeric chromosomes are broken at or near the centromere, the long arms of the two are joined together at the centromere to form a derivative chromosome composed of long arms; two The short arm forms a small chromosome. The small chromosome is often lost during the second division, which may be due to its lack of centromeres or because it is composed entirely of heterochromatin. Because the lost small chromosomes are almost all heterochromatin, and the chromosome composed of two long arms contains almost all the genes of the two chromosomes, although the Robertsonian translocation carrier has only 45 chromosomes, the phenotype is generally Normal, only when the gametes are formed, abnormalities will occur, resulting in death of the embryo and abortion of the child or birth congenital malformations.

Robertson translocation

Robertsonian translocation, also known as

Robertson Easy is located in 1916 as

In mammalian karyotype evolution, centromere fusion (especially Robertsonian translocation) is a more common form. For example, the bamboo root rat (Spalaxehrenbergi) living in Israel has about 25 pairs of chromosomes, of which there are 4 pairs of chromosomes in group B (B1, B2, B3, B4). Examining group B chromosomes in 4 different populations (Ramla, Sa'ar, Dafna and Yiftah), they were found to contain 8 pairs, 6 pairs, 2 pairs, and pairs of proximal centromeric chromosomes, respectively. Translocation, the karyotype evolution of the central centrosome from the fusion of the proximal centrosome in pairs. 2.5% -5% of trisomy 21 in humans is due to the translocation of a long arm of chromosome 21 and chromosome 14, forming a karyotype of 45, XX, Rob (14; 21) (q10; q10).