What is acute disseminated encephalitis?

Acute disseminated encephalitis, also called acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that includes white and spinal cord mass. This means that the body's own immune cells attack and destroys myelin cloak nerves, resulting in neurological symptoms similar to symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Unlike other types of encephalitis, such as multiplain or recurrent disseminated encephalomyelitis, which has more demyelinization episodes, demyelinization in ADem only once. Acute disseminated encephalitis may have viral, parasitic or bacterial causes, but may also occur spontaneously. Treatment of acute disseminated encephalitis generally involves the use of anti -inflammatory substances and provision of symptomatic relief. Some of the most commonly suspicious viral causes are Epstein-Barrvirus, herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus. Other viruses include flu, enterovirus, varicella, mumps, rubella, hepatitis and and koxsackievirus. BacterIial infections include beta-haemolytic streptococci, leptospira, mycoplasma pneumoniae and Borrelia Burgdorferi. It has been shown that rabies vaccine causes ad, but vaccination against hepatitis B, palsy, pertussis, diphtheria, pneumococcus, measles, varicella, mumps, rubles, influenza and Japanese encephalitis

symptoms of acute disseminated encephalitis usually occur with one to three weeks after the initial gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms of the virus. The most important symptoms of ADem include fever, headache and neurological abnormalities such as irritability, drowsiness, seizures, weakness or paresis and sometimes coma. Other symptoms include cranial nervous palsy, hallucations, linguistic disruption, blindness, vomiting and psychiatric abnormalities. These symptoms suddenly occur, but can also develop within a few days. Average time from start to topLU The severity of symptoms is approximately five days.

Treatment of acute disseminated encephalitis involves aggressive use of anti -inflammatory substances such as corticosteroids, to reduce the central nervous system inflammation and to improve symptoms. Doctors would usually administer high doses of methylprednisolone or dexamethasone intravenously, followed by oral prednisolone in the next three to six weeks. If these drugs are not effective or when the patient cannot take them, the high dose of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is administered as an alternative. Other alternative treatments include plasmapheresis, cyclophosphamide and mitoxantron.

ADEM cases usually recover within one to six months after boarding, and the disabled children tend to recover spontaneous museums. The bad results are observed in patients with AD who do not respond to corticosteroids, have severe neurological abnormalities, or have a sudden onset of symptoms. Approximately 5% of the affected patients die of this condition. BetweenAcute disseminated encephalitis may result in survivors. Complications are usually the affection of motor function, which include slight clumsiness, hemiparesis or weakness of one side of the body and ataxia or uncontrolled body movements.