What is megacolone?
Megacolone is a health condition characterized by the dilatation of the large intestine, which can be congenital or triggered by the presence of infection or intestinal obstruction. Regardless of the cause of all presentations of this condition often cause similar symptoms. Treatment depends on the basic cause and often includes administration of intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and corrective surgery to restore the correct function of the large intestine. The presence of inflammation and infection contributes to the toxicity of the condition that causes the colon dilation. Symptomatic individuals can experience a number of symptoms that may include abdominal, tenderness and distances. Other symptoms of toxicity may include increased heart rate, fever and nausea and in extreme cases shock.
Congenital megacolone is an intestinal blockage due to impaired muscle movement in the intestine. Due to the lack of nerves in the intestine, the intestinal contents accumulate, causing giving away the abdomen and dysfunction of the intestines. This condition often diagnoseIn childhood, newborn causes constipation, abdominal and vomiting. Other symptoms may include the absence of the first stool (Merconium), jaundice and watery diarrhea.
primary intestinal obstruction may occur in the small or large intestine and may occur as an acute or chronic condition. This form of colon expansion is often diagnosed in children and elderly, which means there is no known cause in the absence of inflammation or infection. Individuals with chronic conditions such as brain palsy or other neurological disorders, or those on the bed, usually have increased development of this condition. Those who become symptomatic with non -toxic forms of colon dilation may occur abdominal discomfort, nausea and vomiting.
The diagnostic tests used to confirm the presence of colon dilatation differ. In theTomigration of abdominal distances can be performed physical examination and palpation of the affected area. Any abnormalities discovered during a preliminary examination usually cause further testing. If toxic megacolone is suspected, further testing may include the administration of abdominal X -ray and blood tests to evaluate electrolyte levels and detect the presence of any markers indicating infection.
Infant suspects from congenital megacolone can be administered by X -ray Barria and abdomen to confirm the presence of intestinal dysfunction. Rectal examination can determine the presence of impaired rectal muscle tone, which can contribute to the manifestation of symptoms. In some cases, anal pressure gauge can also be performed to evaluate rectal pressure.
If the intestinal obstruction is suspected, the Barya test may be performed to confirm the presence and location of the blockade. Before testing, the individual is served baryum, whether orally or as an injection that is then monitored using rEntgen radiation to evaluate the condition and functionality of the upper GI tract and related organs, including intestines. To evaluate the condition of the esophagus and intestinal function, the esophagus and intestinal radionuclide scanning can be performed.
Treatment of toxic megacolone is multilateral in the approach. In order to reverse the effects of the condition, intravenous fluids can be administered to prevent dehydration, and if the large intestine becomes perforated, partial or complete excision of the large intestine, known as collectomy, may be performed. In order to prevent the spread of infection, which can lead to sepsis, antibioticed may also be administered. Due to the significant risk of death, the rapid and appropriate treatment of the large intestine dilatation is necessary. Complications associated with this condition may include shock, sepsis and perforation of the large intestine.
congenital megacolone often requires removal of the abdominal part of the large intestine and rectum. The remaining colon tissue is used for the functioning of the cut part. Before surgery is STroar decompressed to relieve pressure and allow easier handling of the organ. The procedure is often performed during two separate operations and both can be completed before the child is a year old. Complications associated with this corrective surgery may include short intestine syndrome, intestine inflammation and intestinal perforation.
Non -toxic, large intestine dilatation can also be treated with drugs and surgery. Colonoscopy can be used to alleviate the accumulated air and can be administered by intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration that the multiplication and vomiting. Further treatment for this potentially, recurring condition may include the use of nasogastric suction, which includes the location of the nasogastric (NG) tube for intestinal decompression and the implementation of dietary changes. Individuals with this form of megacolone generally show improvement within a few days of treatment. Complications may include diarrhea, unintentional weight loss and deficiencies of minerals and vitaminat.