What is microvascular angina?

Microvascular angina is a condition similar to a heart disease called angina. Patients with microvascular angina also complain about chest pain, but the initial diagnosis of the doctor is often a coronary arterial disease (CAD). Imaging studies such as coronary angiography would show that the heart is normal. While angina pectoris and other CAD are caused by insufficient blood flow by coronary arteries, microvascular angina is caused by insufficient flow of microvasculature or small blood vessels. It is treatable with the right combination of a healthy diet, regular exercise and medication to dissolve the blood vessels. In 1988 Cannon and Epstein created the term microvascular angina for this combination of exertion of chest pain and completely normal angiogram, with or without electrocardiogram changes (ECG) (ECG) in testing. It is also known as the X heart syndrome, because its real causes remain unknown.

Several pathophysiological mechanisms for severe chest pain were designed. The most important of these is myocardial ischemia, where the function or anatomy of coronary microvasculature is abnormal. Dilatory blood vessel capacity could be reduced or an increase in their diameter, leading to a compromise of blood supply, as well as the deprivation of nutrients and oxygen of the heart muscle. Another proposed mechanism is that the heart muscle suffers from metabolic violations, leading to a reduction in glucose intake and myocardium use. Another proposed mechanism is that there is an increased sensitivity of pain pains to stimuli resulting from the heart.

Although the actual causes of microvascular angina remain unidentified, several risk factors are known. They include abdominal obesity or excessive fat deposition in the abdomen, dyslipidemia or abnormal blood lipids, hypertension, glucose intolerance or insulin resistance and proceedings.itus. Heart X syndrome is often associated with insulin resistance and central obesity, so it is sometimes called insulin resistance syndrome. People in a category with a high risk include women, elderly and those who have a family member who has a history of heart disease.

When a person goes to a doctor who complains about severe chest pain, microvascular angina is not usually an initial diagnosis. Before the doctor can say that the patient's condition is not a esophageal cramp, angina pectoris, prinzmetal angina or heart attack, a test battery is required. The usual tests include a treadmill or voltage of electrocardiographic testing, coronary angiogram and sometimes also displaying magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hearts.

As soon as microvascular angina beekeeping diagnosed by the doctor prescribes medicines such as dilatiaz and nifedipine to alleviate chest pain and improve the quality of life of the patient. Other alternatives include beta-blockers such as Carvedilol and Propranolol, L-Arginine, Estrogen and aminophyllin. Many of the risk factors for microvascular angina can be avoided, so it is important to solve them by eating a healthy diet, engaging in everyday physical activities and regular attending doctors.