What is involved in the treatment of epilepticus status?
The status of epilepticus is a medical term concerning either a lengthy seizure without apparent relaxation or a number of seizures without a patient regaining consciousness. It is a medical emergency with an estimated mortality of approximately 10 percent and requires immediate treatment. Epilepticus may be the first indication of epilepsy; occur secondary to primary and existing state, such as electrolyte imbalance, head trauma or alcohol selection; or to indicate insufficient coverage of anticonvulsive drugs for a patient with a known condition of seizures. Treatment of epilepticus status requires emergency treatment by the first respondents and immediate transport to the emergency department of the hospital. During this critical period, the treatment of epilepticus status involves adequate respiratory tract and oxygenation and creation of intravenous (IV) line for administration of critical drug and fluid, seizure solutions IV drugs or anesthesium, and finally determining the cause of seizure to prevent repetition.
ensuring that the patient has the corresponding airways is primary in the treatment of epilepticus status. The patient's cords not only disrupt normal respiratory efforts, but also intense muscle contractions burn a huge amount of oxygen, creating a systemic oxygen deficit that can cause brain damage. The patient's oxygen levels must be monitored by arterial blood gases or a pulse oximeter probe to assess the extent of hypoxia. Supplementary oxygen should be administered by the nasal cannula or the patient may be intubated - undergo the process of inserting the respiratory tube into the trachea - to provide respiratory support with mechanical ventilation.
Treatment of epilepticus status requires the establishment of one or more patent IV sites to allow quick management and medicines to be allowed, as well as to provide access to blood samples for immediate evaluation. Blood glucose levels can help assess whether je seizure of diabetic origin. Laboratory samples should include standard blood counts, a series of electrolytes and a toxicology screen, as well as the levels of anti -vulzivating drugs if the patient is a drug for known seizure disorder. Benzodiazepines and anticonvulsants are generally administered IV to have the fastest effect and try to improve or eliminate seizures. If the patient does not respond to this therapy, it can be fully reassured by placing it under anesthesia to stop convulsions.
ongoing electroencephalography (EEG) is also recommended during the treatment of status epilepticus in order to directly record ongoing seizure activity and assess the effectiveness of ongoing treatment. EEG measures brain electrical activity, including seizures. EEGLPS evaluation determines whether the patient still passes through partial seizures despite the seating of benzodiazepine. After ensuring measures sustainable for life, the establishment of the ethiology of seizure becomes the aim of treatment of epilepticus status.